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Prologue
Contents
Stars and
Galaxies
Tom Theuns
Date:
February 12, 2003
Prologue
Before the beginning
My source of knowledge
Introduction
Historical perspective
Bringing order to the zoo of galaxies
Vocabulary
Galaxy properties
Summary
The discovery of the Milky Way and of other galaxies
The main observables
The main players, their measurements, and their mistakes
Time-line
Absorption, scattering and reddening
Summary
The modern view of the Milky Way
New technology
Radio-astronomy
Infrared observations
Star-counts, again
The components of the Milky Way
The disk
The thick disk
The bulge
The stellar halo
The dark matter halo
Metallicity of stars
Galactic Coordinates
Summary
The Interstellar Medium
Interstellar dust
Interstellar gas
Collisional processes
Photo-ionisation
21-cm radiation
Other radio-wavelengths
The Jeans mass
Interactions between stars and the ISM
Summary
Dynamics of galactic disks
Differential rotation
Keplerian rotation
Oort's constants
Rotation curves measured from HI 21-cm emission
Rotation curves and dark matter
The Oort limit
Spiral arms
Summary
Elliptical galaxies. I
Luminosity profile
Stellar populations and ISM
X-rays
Thermal bremsstrahlung
Spectrum
Hydrostatic equilibrium
Dark matter
Summary
The Dark Halo
High velocity stars
Point mass model
Parameters of dark halo
The Local Group
Galaxy population
Local Group timing argument
Summary
Elliptical galaxies. II
Relaxation in stellar systems
Jeans equations
A continuity equation
Boltzmann's equation
Moments of the Boltzmann equation
Summary
Groups and clusters of galaxies
Introduction
Evidence for dark matter from galaxy motions
Evidence for dark matter from X-rays observations
Metallicity of the Intra-cluster medium.
The dark matter density of the Universe
Summary
Galaxy statistics
The density-morphology relation
Galaxy scaling relations
The Tully-Fisher relation in spirals
The Faber-Jackson relation in ellipticals
Tully-Fisher and Fundamental plane relations as standard candles
Galaxy luminosity function
Summary
Active Galactic Nuclei
Observational properties
The central engine, and unified schemes
Evidence for a SMBH
Photometry
Stellar kinematics
Stellar kinematics in the MW centre
Methods based on gas kinematics
Profile of X-ray lines
Discussion
Summary
Gravitational lensing
The lens equation
Bending of light
Point-like lens and source
More realistic lensing
Micro-lensing
Strong lensing
Weak lensing
Summary
Contents
About this document ...
Tom Theuns 2003-04-28
